A Salesman Says He Met Six People Aboard a Transparent Craft
Two approached him, and he climbed inside. After it left, his car started again.
Two approached him, and he climbed inside. After it left, his car started again.
Schmidt said he encountered six people aboard a transparent craft in a field and climbed inside. The craft vanished, and only then could he start his car. Investigators questioned his story after finding oil that resembled commercial motor oil.
FBI 'Sub A' supplement to main case file 62-HQ-83894 (Flying Discs / Unidentified Flying Objects). The 124-page document is almost entirely newspaper, news-service and magazine clippings dated June 1947 through approximately June 1960, routed through standard FBI Bureau-distribution slips (Form 0-19 / 0-20 / 4-26) listing initials of Bureau executives (Tolson, Ladd, Nichols, Belmont, Mohr, Parsons, Rosen, Tamm, Sullivan, Trotter, Holloman, Gandy, etc.). The clippings — drawn from the Washington Times-Herald, Washington Post, Washington News, Washington Star, Washington City News Service, New York Herald Tribune, Daily Mail (London), Sunday Dispatch (London), Daily Express, Daily Telegraph, Sunday Graphic, Reynolds News, Daily Graphic, La Prensa (Madrid), Omaha World-Herald, Philadelphia Inquirer, Miami Herald, Detroit News and others — were forwarded to FBI HQ from the FBI Office of the Legal Attaché, American Embassy, London for foreign press, and were filed in the 62-HQ-83894 case folder. Topics include the Kenneth Arnold sighting (June 24, 1947), the Mantell crash, the 1952 Washington National Airport radar sightings, the Coast Guard cutter Sebago Gulf of Mexico tracking, the November 1957 Levelland Texas car-engine-stall wave, the Reinhold O. Schmidt 'Kearney spaceship' contactee story, Pan-American pilot W.B. Nash / Fortenberry sighting, Donald Keyhoe and the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP), Air Force Project Saucer / Project Blue Book denials, Carl Jung's UFO statement, Wilbert B. Smith's Canadian Project Magnet, the Marines' Quantico 'red lights' incident (Dec. 1953-Jan. 1954), Skyhook 'Moby Dick' research balloons explanation, and the Caldwell 'Gray Goose'/'Roto-Plane' inventions found in a Maryland barn in 1949. There is essentially no original FBI investigative content; the file is a Bureau press-clipping morgue on UFOs from 1947 through 1960.
Kenneth Arnold, Boise, Idaho private pilot and businessman, observed nine shiny discs 'like metal hub-caps flip-flapping along at about 1,200 mph' over Cascade Mountains. Origin of the term 'flying saucer.'
Mr. Dahl reported circular saucer-like flying machine that ejected metallic 'rain.' One piece allegedly landed in Mr. Dahl's yard. (The Maury Island incident.)
Nationwide wave of flying saucer reports during July 4-10, 1947. United Air Lines Capt. E. J. Smith, copilot Ralph Stevens and stewardess Marty Morrow observed flat translucent objects from Boise to point southeast of Ontario, OR. Coast Guard yeoman Frank Ryman photographed alleged disc with Speed Graphic camera north of Seattle. Reports from at least 31 states (later sources say 30).
"Declassification authority derived from FBI Automatic Declassification Guide, issued May 24, 2007."
Speaker: FD-245.1 (Rev. 1-4-99) cover sheet
Why it matters: Establishes that the contents of this Sub-A file were automatically declassified rather than individually reviewed.
Page 1
"I can only say for certain these things are not a mere rumor, something has been seen. A purely psychological explanation is ruled out.... The discs do not behave in accordance with physical laws, but as though without weight.... If the extra-terrestial origin of this phenomena should be confirmed this would prove the existence of an intelligent interplanetary relationship."
Speaker: Dr. Carl Jung (Swiss psychologist, July 1958 statement released through Aerial Phenomena Research Organization at Holloman AFB)
Why it matters: Carl Jung's well-known declaration on the reality of UFOs.
Page 5
"Flying Saucers are top secret weapons of the Allies, a culmination of German wartime experiments. Prototype Flying Saucers were built in Germany during the war. I saw one reach a height of 40,000 feet in three minutes near Prague, in 1945."
Speaker: Georg Klein, former German secret-weapons expert (Reynolds News, London, Dec. 19, 1958)
Why it matters: Origin of widely repeated 'Nazi flying saucer' lore.
Page 26
"It just ain't so... it just ain't so."
Speaker: Gen. James H. Doolittle (March 1954, on claim of Nazi flying saucer and trans-Atlantic bomber)
Why it matters: Senior U.S. aviation authority's blunt denial of Nazi-saucer claims.
Page 17
"There is a very high degree of probability that flying saucers are real objects, and a 60 per cent probability that they are alien vehicles."
Speaker: Wilbert B. Smith, Canadian Department of Transport scientist (Nov. 12, 1953)
Why it matters: First publicly stated estimate by a government scientist that UFOs were probably alien vehicles; announcement of Project Magnet's Shirley Bay station — the first government UFO observation station in the world.
Joe Perry
Grand Blanc, Michigan pizzeria owner who photographed alleged flying saucer (color slide) in Feb. 1958-1960; called himself 'amateur astronomer' · Page 2
President Dwight D. Eisenhower
addressee of Joe Perry's letter that prompted Pentagon return of photo · Page 2
Charles Manos
Detroit News staff writer (Joe Perry story) · Page 2
Dr. Carl Jung
Swiss psychologist; released report stating UFOs 'show signs of intelligent guidance by quasi-human pilots' (July 29, 1958) · Page 5
L. J. Lorenzen
Holloman Air Force Base; released Jung report through UFO Filter Center of the Aerial Phenomena Research Organization (APRO) · Page 5
Reinhold O. Schmidt
Bakersfield, California salesman / former Nebraskan and ex-convict; claimed to have entered a landed cigar-shaped craft near Kearney, Nebraska on Nov. 5, 1957, and conversed with German-speaking occupants · Page 6
Steve Warrick
Buffalo County, Nebraska Sheriff who interviewed Schmidt · Page 6
Thurston Nelson
Kearney, Nebraska Police Chief (Schmidt case) · Page 6
Kenneth Gotobed
Buffalo County (Nebraska) Attorney (Schmidt case) · Page 7
Ward Minor
Kearney attorney engaged by Schmidt · Page 7
James Stokes
engineer at Air Force missile development center, Alamogordo, NM; reported 10 cars stalled by 'brilliant colored egg-shaped object' on desert highway between Alamogordo and White Sands (Nov. 1957) · Page 11
Col. McCurdy
officer giving credence to Stokes' report and supervising medical exam / lie-detector test · Page 9
FBI FD-245.1 (Rev. 1-4-99) cover form indicates 'Declassification authority derived from FBI Automatic Declassification Guide, issued May 24, 2007.' Cover-sheet checkboxes for FOIPA, NCIC, OCIS, ELSUR, etc. are mostly blank. The case file is identified on the cover slip and a serial number ('65-2477-105') is annotated.
Likely reason: routine — automatic declassification under 2007 FBI guide
Newspaper clippings carry handwritten Bureau routing initials and check-marks but the journalistic content itself is unredacted. Bureau-distribution slips (Form 0-19, 0-20, 4-26) at the start of most clippings list senior FBI executives by typed name (Tolson, Mohr, Belmont, Parsons, etc.) with handwritten check-marks; no b6/b7C-style name redactions are visible in the OCR text.
Likely reason: minimal — internal routing notations only
Bowling Green private-pilot Dec. 1958 sighting: 'The pilot, who asked that his identity not be revealed, said his...' — pilot's identity withheld in the press at his request, not by the FBI.
Likely reason: press-source self-redaction (witness anonymity), not FBI exemption
Los Angeles woman who wrote to 'Confidential Files, Washington' had her name 'withheld by various Government agencies' per AP's own narrative.
Likely reason: press-source self-redaction (privacy of private citizen who became subject of FBI background inquiry)
This 124-page 'Sub-A' supplement to FBI HQ case 62-HQ-83894 (Flying Discs / UFO 1947-1968) is functionally a Bureau press-clipping morgue rather than an investigative file. Almost every page is a newspaper or wire-service clipping (or, in a few cases, a Department of the Air Force public-information sheet) routed through standard FBI Bureau-distribution slips (Form 0-19, 0-20, 4-26) with senior executives' typed names (Tolson, Mohr, Belmont, Parsons, Rosen, Tamm, Sullivan, Trotter, Holloman, Gandy, etc.) and handwritten check-marks. There is no original FBI investigative narrative — the file is exclusively (a) press clippings selected and routed for Bureau awareness and (b) one incoming USAF Office of Public Information 'Summary of Events and Information Concerning the Unidentified Flying Object Program' (1954, pages 21-25). Coverage spans approximately 1947 (the Kenneth Arnold sighting and immediate aftermath, with a heavy concentration of July 1947 clippings) through approximately June 1960 (Joe Perry / Grand Blanc, MI saucer-photo story). Several clippings are forwarded by the FBI Office of the Legal Attaché, American Embassy, London (UK and European press, 1950-1958). Historic UFO milestones documented: Kenneth Arnold (1947), Maury Island/Tacoma (1947), Mantell crash (1948), Chiles-Whitted (1948), Nash-Fortenberry (1952), 1952 Washington flap (Samford press conference), Lt. David Brigham F-84 incident (Northern Japan 1952), Marines' Quantico red lights (1953-54), Christiernsson Sweden (1953), Wilbert Smith / Project Magnet (1953), Gen. Doolittle on Nazi saucer claims (1954), Capt. Hull near Mobile AL (1956), Kirby Amarillo photo (1956), Schmidt-Kearney NE (1957), Stokes Alamogordo (1957), Levelland TX wave (1957), Sebago Gulf of Mexico radar (1957), Savannah River AEC plant red ball (1957), Carl Jung public statement (1958), Klein/Reynolds News Nazi-saucer interview (1958), Joe Perry Grand Blanc photo (1960). Foreign-press content: Italy (1950 wave + Belluzzo claims), UK (Dec. 4, 1950 mass UK 'flash' sightings; Devon 1950 cigar sightings; Klein's Nazi claims via Reynolds News), Spain (Balearic Islands photo), Sweden (Christiernsson). For corpus aggregation: all dated content here is reproduced press coverage rather than first-person FBI analysis. The named individuals listed in entities.people who appear as 'witnesses' or 'subjects' are press-quoted figures, NOT FBI investigative subjects. Manifest description states 'newly declassified pages and only minor redactions' — confirmed: cover sheet cites Automatic Declassification Guide of May 24, 2007; the visible OCR shows no obvious b1/b6/b7C/b7D-style block redactions, only routine handwritten Bureau routing initials. OCR quality is mediocre throughout (the file is OCR-only at 200 dpi, ratio 1.0 per meta.json) and many witness names are partially garbled (e.g., 'Saucedo' vs OCR'd variants; 'Christiernsson' confirmed; 'Belluzzo' confirmed). Document length and OCR noise place confidence at 0.7.
According to Schmidt’s account, two men came out and approached him. Four more people were inside, making six in all.
They said his story seemed less convincing. Oil found in the field resembled commercial motor oil, and according to a newspaper report, similar oil was also in his car.
Rev. Joseph Brasky, Catholic priest at St. Joseph's Church (45 mi north of Milwaukee), heard 'roaring and whirring noise' followed by thud and mild explosion. Found 18-inch round metal disc resembling circular saw blade with hole and gadgets/wires inside. Held disc for FBI; H. K. Johnson of FBI Milwaukee acknowledged report.
Saucer found in yard of Twin Falls, ID, identified by Army expert as having been manufactured from juke-box parts. Local boy admitted hoax to police. Chief McCracken said boy would not be prosecuted.
Russell Long, construction engineer, reported saucer-shaped mechanical contraption (resembling chicken brooder top with gadgets) found in geranium bed. Awakened by pop, found object in yard with smoke from exhaust pipes and blue-white glare. FBI SAC Richard Hood sent agent to inspect; FBI declined further comment.
Capt. Thomas F. Mantell, Kentucky Air National Guard, killed when his F-51 crashed during pursuit of a 'silver ice cream cone topped with red' object. Mantell described object at '12 o'clock high' before climbing past 18,000 ft and losing consciousness, per Air Force official explanation. Liddel/Office of Naval Research later argued the object was a Skyhook balloon.
Eastern Airlines transport pilots Capt. Clarence S. Chiles and copilot Whitted reported close passage of cigar-shaped wingless object with rocket-flame tail. Object passed about 700 ft to right and above DC-3, with 'tremendous burst of flame from rear.' Object 100 ft long, twice the diameter of a B-29.
Air Force investigators found two contraptions ('Gray Goose' helicopter and 'Roto-Plane') built by Jonathan E. Caldwell ~1939-1940. Caldwell disappeared 1940 after Maryland AG ordered him to cease selling stock; only one model ever flew, briefly (~60 sec, 40 ft up) at Benning Race Track in 1940 with Willard E. Driggers as pilot. Air Force determined craft had 'absolutely no connection with reported phenomenon of flying saucers.'
April 1950 wave of saucer reports. Nine persons in Tipp City, Ohio said they saw saucers over Wright Field early Sunday. Police Chief J. C. Lee of Elizabeth City, IL reported 'weird red and blue disc-like object' over the town early Sunday at high speed.
Naval pilots Lt. C. Moore (second pilot) and electronics technician/instructor G. D. Wehner observed silver-grey funnel-shaped object on radar. Tracked for 8 miles. Sun glare from center of object prevented better visual.
Lt. David C. Brigham of Rockford, IL observed at very close range (~30-50 ft for ~10 seconds) a small (8-inch diameter) metallic disc-shaped object that made a sweeping pass at an F-84 Thunderjet. Object was 'very thin, round, shiny as polished chromium' with no projections and no exhaust trails.
Successive nights of radar contacts at CAA Air Route Traffic Control center at National Airport, with multiple unidentified aerial objects glowing within 30-mile radius of city. Two F-94 jet fighters dispatched by Air Defense Command observed lights but could not close within 7 miles. Maj. Gen. John A. Samford held July 29, 1952 Pentagon press conference attributing sightings to natural causes (temperature inversions, atmospheric phenomena).
Pan-American Airways DC-4 pilot W. B. Nash and copilot Fortenberry observed 8 disc-shaped objects ~100 ft in diameter and 12-15 ft thick, glowing orange-red 'like red hot irons.' Objects made sharp 150-degree turn west and 90-degree banked turn upward, joined by 2 more identical objects (total 8 then 10). 'They appeared to be solid bodies of light glowing orange-red... but they had definite outlines.'
Marines reported red moving/blinking light on at least 22 occasions over six nights. First sighting by Pfc. Norman Viets at 9:05 p.m. Dec. 30, 1953 at Tank Park sentry post. At least 30 Marines including half a dozen officers, three Marines at once seeing 3 lights, observed lights drop straight down, fly straight up, hover. Maj. D. D. Pomerleau (provost marshal) saw the lights twice and admitted 'characteristics he never expected to find on an airliner.' Officially attributed to new airline navigation light.
Capt. Ulf Christiernsson, Swedish airliner pilot, with crew, saw disc-shaped metallic object over southern Sweden, ~300 mi from strategic Baltic coast and former Nazi Peenemunde research station (then operated by Russians). Object flew faster than sound at ~5,000 ft above ground, headed south over low cloud layer toward East Germany.
J. G. Kirby of Dallas photographed diamond-shaped object flying through sky while he and his family were driving near Amarillo, Texas, August 1956. Photo turned over to FBI; later released after intensive Air Force study. Air Force described glow as 'radiation vapor.'
Capt. W. J. Hull of Capital Airlines, who had previously written 'The Obituary of the Flying Saucer' (1953), reported encountering UFO that abruptly halted in front of his Viscount as 'intense blue-white light approximately 7 or 8 times brighter than Venus at maximum.' Object made violent maneuvers 'sharper than any known aircraft, sometimes changing direction 90 degrees in an instant,' before zooming up at sharp angle out of sight.
Sheriff Weir Clem and a deputy reported seeing 'mysterious egg-shaped object which looked like a blinding red object' at 1:30 AM EST. Five other persons including Pedro Saucedo (first to report) said the object stalled their engines and headlights; object suddenly 'took off and disappeared.' Saucedo described 'ear-splitting clamp of thunder' as the thing came out of the sky and put out his headlights.
Reinhold O. Schmidt, ~50, of Bakersfield, CA, claimed to have inspected milo field and walked toward landed translucent cigar-shaped device ~100 ft long, 30 ft wide, 14 ft high. Two men in business suits emerged, searched him for weapons, took him aboard. Schmidt said craft contained 2 other men and 2 women working on wires/instruments, with fan at each end. Occupants spoke German (which Schmidt understood) and an interpreter spoke English. They told him he would 'find out all about it in a couple of weeks.' Craft lifted ~100-200 ft and disappeared 'like it changed color' into sky. Oil drippings on ground 'closely resembled' those in Schmidt's car. Sheriff Steve Warrick (Buffalo County), Police Chief Thurston Nelson and County Attorney Kenneth Gotobed investigated; Schmidt's story 'appeared to be weakening.' Air Force investigators from Continental Air Defense Command (Colorado Springs) joined.
James Stokes, engineer at Air Force missile development center at Alamogordo, NM, reported 10 autos stalled on a desert highway. He reported seeing soundless 'brilliant colored egg-shaped object' which flitted erratically across countryside leaving heat wave 'like radiation from a giant sun lamp.' Col. McCurdy of Continental Air Defense Command was 'personally satisfied' with Stokes' report after medical exam and lie-detector test.
Several persons reported seeing 'red ball' hovering over the AEC Savannah River plant. Unofficial report that Air Force personnel at Aiken, SC, spotted object on radar and issued alert. Augusta Chronicle executive editor Louis Harris saw it. J. T. James of Aiken saw it twice from his home; described as cigar-shaped, alternating bright/amber, occasionally going out altogether.
USCG cutter Sebago tracked brilliant mystery object on radar for 27 minutes. Cmdr. C. H. Waring said object first appeared on screen as 'good strong target' at 5:10 a.m., lost in northerly direction at 5:37 a.m. Object came as close as 2 mi to vessel, flickered on/off screen, traveled at estimated 1,000 mph. Sometimes appeared to remain stationary, then resumed erratic flight. Crewman Wayne D. Shockley described as 'bright point of light, no definite shape, resembling planet Venus.' Estimate of height 2,000 ft.
Dr. Carl Jung released report through APRO/UFO Filter Center at Holloman AFB (via L. J. Lorenzen) stating UFOs 'are real and show signs of intelligent guidance by quasi-human pilots.' Jung said he had 'gathered a mass of observations of unidentified flying objects since 1944' and that 'a purely psychological explanation is ruled out.' Statement noted 'discs do not behave in accordance with physical laws, but as though without weight.'
Establishment of Canadian government UFO observation station — the first in the world — announced. Wilbert B. Smith, Canadian Department of Transport scientist (charge of telecommunications, broadcast and measurement), stated: 'There is a very high degree of probability that flying saucers are real objects, and a 60 percent probability that they are alien vehicles.' Station equipped with magnetic and atmospheric reactor, electronic devices for measurement of sounds, gamma ray detector, gravimeter; alarm bells; 24-hour watch.
Multiple Washington-DC area residents reported seeing 'flying saucers.' Mrs. Martin Kole (9202 Valley Drive, Alexandria) saw 'large round object flying across the sky' that 'appeared to be stationary' — first reported observer to claim stationary object. Two District women reported 3 dish-shaped 'fairly far away' golden objects above Minnesota Avenue NE Thursday evening.
Capital Aviation Co. chief pilot Jim Graham, flying from Chicago to Springfield, claimed flying 'sausage' (10 ft long, blue streak, sausage-shaped, trailing yellow fire) collided with his propeller and 'exploded like a bomb' but caused no damage. Several other Springfield residents reported seeing the object pass over the city. Weather Bureau theorized meteor that exploded right in front of plane.
March-April 1950 wave of saucer reports across Italy: disc 'as large as full moon' at Lake Garda streaking northeast; four discs three miles up flying south at Carrara; 'disc like moon with wake of fire' speeding west at Calabria; flying saucer suspended 20 seconds then disappeared south at Sardinia; disc flying over Aosta.
Prof. Giuseppe Belluzzo, 73-year-old Italian turbine engineer, said designs for 'flying saucers' had been prepared for Hitler and Mussolini in 1942. 'Both Hitler and Mussolini were anxious to put the flying disc into mass production.' Belluzzo said he personally drafted plans for a flying disc in Italy in 1942 but they disappeared with Mussolini in 1943.
Georg Klein, former secret weapons expert in German War Production Ministry (interview in Zurich), claimed prototype flying saucers were built in Germany during WWII. 'I saw one reach a height of 40,000 ft in three minutes near Prague in 1945.' Klein described two types: 43-ft diameter with 5 jets and a larger model. Russians captured a scale model and top technicians at Breslau; Walter Miethe, 'Saucer designer,' now works in U.S.
Thousands of people in Britain saw 'flying saucer' phenomenon — strange white flash that darted across sky at terrific speed, observed during football and rugby matches and from many vantage points. 500+ spectators at football cup match at Chard. Postmaster Arthur H. Jenkins described as 'diamond flash, like a big peardrop with thin end tapering behind' that 'sneezed into nothingness.' Pilots of 4 RAuxAF jets near Llandow reported 15,000-ft flash. Air Ministry confirmed no aircraft believed blown up over Channel.
27-year-old Coast Guard yeoman Frank Ryman took photograph with Speed Graphic camera from front porch of Seattle residence. Photograph showed pinhead-sized whitish-color object against dark background. Ryman said it was neither airplane, cloud, nor silver balloon.
Page 40
"We do not know enough about it to deny that flying saucers exist. Conversely, we have no proof that they do exist. In our investigation we are taking into account the possibility that the saucers — if they exist — could be interplanetary. We are interested in anyone who might be using the air over the United States. ... However, we have no authentic physical evidence that they are interplanetary."
Speaker: Brig. Gen. Sory Smith, Air Force public-relations chief
Why it matters: Official Air Force position circa 1953-1954 — neither accepts nor rejects the interplanetary hypothesis but admits it is being entertained.
Page 37
"We feel, because of the way the missiles acted and because of all the other reports that have been heard, that they must be from some extra-terrestrial source."
Speaker: W. B. Nash, Pan-American DC-4 pilot (July 1952 sighting near Miami)
Why it matters: Veteran airline pilot's explicit statement of extraterrestrial conclusion.
Page 60
"It was entirely an unorthodox, metallic, symmetrical and circular object. I was not at all scared, but curious."
Speaker: Capt. Ulf Christiernsson, Swedish airliner pilot (Dec. 17, 1953)
Why it matters: Airline pilot description of a disc seen near Soviet Baltic bases — the case prompted a Royal Swedish Air Force investigation.
Page 35
"The Air Force feels a very definite obligation to identify and analyze things that happen in the air that may have in them menace to the United States ... This program was established in 1947 when unidentified flying objects were being reported in various parts of the United States. The reports of sightings reached a peak of 1,700 in 1952 and dropped to a total of 429 in 1953. During the first nine months of 1954 only 254 sightings were reported... over 80 percent are explainable as being known objects."
Speaker: U.S. Air Force, 'Summary of Events and Information Concerning the Unidentified Flying Object Program' (Office of Public Information, Washington 25, D.C., 1954)
Why it matters: Mid-1950s Air Force statistical baseline on UFO program.
Page 21
"The Air Force would like to state that no evidence has been received which would tend to indicate that the United States is being observed by machines from outer space or a foreign government. No object or particle of an unknown substance has been received and no photographs of detail have been produced."
Speaker: U.S. Air Force, UFO Program Summary (1954)
Why it matters: Official Air Force conclusion as of 1954, included verbatim in the FBI file.
Page 23
"I had never seen anything this bright before in my life."
Speaker: Anonymous private pilot near Bowling Green (Dec. 1958)
Why it matters: Typical witness reaction throughout the file.
Page 39
"Two men got out and approached me, holding what looked like a flashlight. 'I couldn't move. I don't know whether I was just afraid or what, but it was like being paralyzed.' ... The men, dressed in business suits, searched him for weapons then remarked that as long as they were going to be there for some time 'you might as well come in and see things for a few minutes.'"
Speaker: Reinhold O. Schmidt (Kearney, Nebraska, Nov. 5, 1957 contactee account)
Why it matters: First-hand account of a famous early contactee case, including the German-speaking occupants and the paralysis sensation.
Page 7
"These mythical 'saucers' take their origin in the most reactionary capitalist country, on orders from Washington, are trying to ... [rest of clipping cut off]"
Speaker: Soviet press (Miami Herald, Dec. 28, 1953, accusing U.S. of inventing flying saucers to fan war hysteria)
Why it matters: Cold-War counter-narrative — Soviet response to U.S. saucer reports.
Page 38
"If you want information on flying saucers, don't address your request to 'Confidential Files, Washington, D.C.' Takes too long. And besides you may be investigated by the FBI."
Speaker: Associated Press (March 22, 1956) reporting on a Los Angeles woman whose 10-cent inquiry was forwarded by the post office to FBI, then Air Force
Why it matters: Self-aware press item — 1956 AP joke noting the FBI's role in saucer letter routing.
Page 20
"The Air Force has stated in the past, and reaffirms at the present time, that unexplained aerial phenomena are not a secret weapon, missile or aircraft developed by the United States."
Speaker: U.S. Air Force official statement, ca. 1954 (in Times-Herald Keyhoe series)
Why it matters: Categorical Air Force denial of secret-domestic-weapon hypothesis.
Page 36
"Air force authorities even now may be preparing an announcement stating that the flying discs are real objects, not merely figments of imagination as far as the Air Force is concerned."
Speaker: New York Mirror (Nov. 17, 1949)
Why it matters: Pre-disclosure speculation from a major U.S. paper, captured in FBI clip.
Page 95
"The Air Force has only reports of what flying saucers look like and has never established that such things actually were seen."
Speaker: USAF spokesman, September 1949 (Caldwell barn case)
Why it matters: 1949 USAF position: no confirmed sightings.
Page 96
"I am quite sure the military men would have told us if we were working on such a thing as a saucer. But the fact is they haven't said a word about it. ... If there are any such things as saucers, they are ours, not somebody else's. If another country were sending them over, I am sure the subcommittee would have heard about it."
Speaker: Rep. George Mahon (D-TX), House military appropriations subcommittee chairman; Rep. Albert Engel (R-MI), subcommittee member (April 5, 1950)
Why it matters: Congressional appropriators' contemporaneous claim that they had been told nothing about U.S. saucer programs.
Page 80
"Reports of unidentified flying objects are the result of misinterpretation of various conventional objects, a mild form of mass hysteria, or hoaxes."
Speaker: U.S. Air Force, official statement of December 27, 1949 (cited in News Chronicle, London, April 13, 1950)
Why it matters: Standard mid-century USAF dismissal language, preserved in FBI Sub-A from a London press source.
Page 87
"Soviet Espionage Agents in U.S. Interested in 'Saucers'"
Speaker: Government Information Service press summary (Aug. 4, 1947)
Why it matters: Counter-intelligence framing — Soviet espionage agents reportedly interested in saucers.
Page 105
J. T. James
Aiken, S.C. resident who saw cigar-shaped object near Savannah River AEC plant (Nov. 1957) · Page 9
Louis Harris
Augusta Chronicle executive editor; observed 'red ball' over Savannah River AEC plant from downtown newspaper building · Page 9
Cmdr. C. H. Waring
captain of Coast Guard cutter Sebago; tracked brilliant object on radar in Gulf of Mexico (Nov. 1957) · Page 10
Wayne D. Shockley
Sebago crewman who described object as 'bright point of light with no definite shape, resembling the planet Venus' · Page 10
Glenn Northcutt
Willis, Oklahoma rancher and University of Oklahoma Board of Regents member; reported 'brilliant mysterious light like Venus magnified many times' watched for over half an hour with five others · Page 10
Maj. Donald E. Keyhoe
retired Marine; director, National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP); author of 'Flying Saucers from Outer Space' · Page 11
Leonard Hardland
chief engineer-counsel in Washington; cited on technology to stall auto engines · Page 11
Jean Hunt
13-year-old, Primrose Acres, Annapolis, MD; saw egg-shaped glowing object on Halloween night 1957 · Page 11
Sylvia Fowler
15-year-old, Annapolis MD; saw same Halloween 1957 object · Page 11
Dr. Donald H. Menzel
Director, Harvard College Observatory; UFO skeptic who argued sightings were temperature-inversion mirages · Page 12
J. G. Kirby
Dallas resident who photographed diamond-shaped object near Amarillo, TX (Aug. 1956); photo turned over to FBI and released after intensive Air Force study; AF described glow as 'radiation vapor' · Page 13
Sheriff Weir Clem
Levelland, Texas Sheriff and a deputy who saw mysterious egg-shaped 'blinding red object' at 1:30 AM EST, Nov. 3, 1957 · Page 14
Pedro Saucedo
Levelland, Texas motorist; first to report sighting of egg-shaped object that allegedly stalled engines and headlights · Page 15
Rear Adm. Delmer S. Fahrney
retired; former head of Navy Guided Missiles Program; board chairman of National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP); stated reliable reports indicated objects entering atmosphere at very high speeds (Jan. 1957) · Page 18
Capt. W. J. Hull
Capital Airlines Viscount pilot; reported encounter with mysterious unidentified flying object near Mobile, AL on Nov. 14, 1956; had previously written 'The Obituary of the Flying Saucer' (1953) · Page 16
Gen. James H. Doolittle
Chairman, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics; in March 1954 dismissed report of Nazi flying saucer / trans-Atlantic bomber as 'just ain't so' · Page 17
Hugh L. Dryden
Director, NACA Advisory Committee; said 'there is no truth' to claim Germans built saucer reaching 40,000 ft and 1,250 mph · Page 17
Rudolf Lusar
former German War Ministry special weapons chief; author of book whose claims Doolittle/Dryden refuted · Page 17
Georg Klein
former secret weapons expert in German War Production Ministry; engineer in Switzerland; in 1958 Reynolds News (London) interview claimed prototype flying saucers were built in Germany during WWII near Prague (Feb. 1958) · Page 26
Dr. Walter Miethe
claimed German weapon inventor and key 'Saucer designer' (per Klein); said to have been captured by Russians and now working in U.S. · Page 26
John Frost
former Sir Frank Whittle assistant; designing flying saucer at Malton, Ontario, Canada (per Klein) · Page 26
Field-Marshal Bernard Montgomery
claimed by Klein to have inspected German saucer prototype reaching 1,000 mph · Page 26
Capt. Charles J. Kratovil
TWA Constellation pilot, Port Washington, NY; reported large white cigar-shaped object at 9:30 PM on parallel course north of his plane (June 1954) · Page 28
Maj. James Zicherali
Public Information Officer, Brookley Air Force Base, Mobile, AL; reported brilliant silver object on radar that 'appeared to be jet-type aircraft of new design with short stubby wings' (July 1954) · Page 29
Pfc. Norman Viets
18-year-old Marine sentry, Greenville, PA; first to report mysterious red light at Quantico Marine Base Tank Park (Dec. 30, 1953) · Page 31
Sergt. Francis R. Salinder
Quantico Marine Base sergeant of guard who corroborated Viets' Dec. 1953 sighting · Page 31
Maj. D. D. Pomerleau
Quantico Marine Base provost marshal; saw lights twice; confirmed lights had 'characteristics he never expected to find on an airliner' · Page 31
Maj. A. B. Mitchell
Quantico Marine Corps spokesman who clarified no troops dispatched to fight 'invaders' · Page 32
Capt. Ulf Christiernsson
Swedish airline pilot; reported saucer-shaped metallic object over Haessleholm, Sweden, near Soviet Baltic bases (Dec. 17/18, 1953) · Page 35
Gen. Bengt Norderskjold
Swedish Air Force commander-in-chief; ordered investigation of Christiernsson sighting · Page 35
Albert M. Chop
former Air Force civilian expert on saucer project; later with Douglas Aircraft Co.; wrote letter on jacket of Keyhoe's book affirming interplanetary explanation as remaining option · Page 36
Brig. Gen. Sory Smith
Air Force public relations chief; said Air Force will continue to seek the answer; would require 'indisputable physical evidence' to admit saucers exist · Page 37
Lt. Robert W. White
Air Force public information officer; affirmed Air Force believes reliable observers (e.g., airline pilots) are sincere · Page 36
Wilbert B. Smith
Canadian Department of Transport scientist; supervisor of new government UFO observation station at Shirley Bay, Ottawa; stated '60 percent probability that they are alien vehicles' (Nov. 12, 1953) · Page 40
Lt. David C. Brigham
Rockford, IL; observed metallic disc-shaped object 8 inches in diameter over Northern Japan, March 29, 1952; report from Air Force intelligence files · Page 43
Col. M. G. Hendricks
Commandant, White Sands Proving Grounds, NM; denied 1953 reports that Defense Department might soon disclose saucer mystery · Page 44
Robert R. Coles
Chairman, Hayden Planetarium (NYC); explained early November lights as Taurid and Leonid meteor showers (Nov. 1952) · Page 46
Maj. Gen. John A. Samford
Director of Air Force Intelligence; July 29, 1952 Pentagon press conference attributing Washington radar sightings to natural phenomena and stating sightings showed 'no pattern vaguely resembling any threat to the United States' · Page 55
Robert G. Garner
former Air Force B-29 test mechanic; reported two silver-grey 'cone' objects over San Francisco airport at 5:30 PM (Aug. 1952) · Page 52
[FNU LNU] Scott
physicist at Fort Belvoir, VA Research and Development Laboratories; produced 'flying saucers' as anode glows in vacuum jar (Aug. 1952) · Page 53
William B. Nash
Pan-American Airways DC-4 pilot; with Fortenberry observed 8 disc-shaped objects 100 ft in diameter and 12-15 ft thick over Chesapeake area (July 1952); WWII Navy transport pilot, 10,000 hours · Page 60
[FNU] Fortenberry
Pan-American copilot, former Navy fighter pilot; co-witness of Nash sighting · Page 60
Santos Ceyanes
Acting Operations Manager, Pan American (Miami); said Nash/Fortenberry sighting 'obviously were not figments of their imagination' · Page 60
Capt. John Baldwin
Coral Gables, FL; Air Force pilot Pacific WWII; 7,000 hours airline experience; reported 'perfectly round disc' with octopus-tentacle vapor trails over Denver (July 1952) · Page 62
Dr. Urner Liddel
chief, nuclear physics branch, Office of Naval Research; in charge of cosmic-ray-balloon project; argued 'flying saucers' are huge plastic Skyhook balloons (Look magazine, Feb. 1951) · Page 63
Capt. Thomas F. Mantell
Air Force pilot found dead in crashed F-51 near Fort Knox, Kentucky in 1948 after pursuing what Liddel argued was a Skyhook balloon · Page 63
Capt. E. J. Smith
United Air Lines pilot, Seattle, 14-year veteran; observed flat translucent objects 'like a pancake standing on end' on flight from Boise to Ontario, OR (July 4, 1947) · Page 122
Ralph Stevens
United Airlines copilot, July 4, 1947 Boise-Portland sighting · Page 122
Marty Morrow
United Airlines stewardess, July 4, 1947 sighting · Page 122
Frank Ryman
27-year-old Coast Guard yeoman, Seattle; took Speed Graphic photograph of alleged flying disc north of Seattle (July 5, 1947) · Page 106
Kenneth Arnold
private pilot, Boise, Idaho; June 24, 1947 sighting of nine shiny discs 'flip-flapping' at 1,200 mph over Cascade Mountains — origin of 'flying saucer' term · Page 84
Mr. Dahl
Tacoma, Washington witness, June 25, 1947, who described circular saucer-like machine ejecting metallic rain · Page 91
Col. F. J. Clark
commanding officer, Hanford Engineering Works (Pacific Northwest atomic plant); denied saucers connected to atomic plant · Page 107
David Lilienthal
Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission; denied saucers connected to atomic experiments (1947) · Page 107
Dr. Harold Urey
atomic scientist, University of Chicago; called 'transmutation of atomic energy' explanation 'gibberish' · Page 107
Dr. C. C. Lauritsen
head, nuclear physics dept., California Institute of Technology; affirmed nobody in his department made 'transmutation of atomic energy' statement · Page 107
Dr. Girard Kuiper
Director, University of Chicago's Yerkes Observatory, Williams Bay, WI; said discs 'couldn't be meteors' (1947) · Page 107
Dr. Oliver Lee
Director, Northwestern University Dearborn Observatory; 'Army and Navy are working on all sorts of things we know nothing about' · Page 107
Dr. Newbern Smith
National Bureau of Standards; compared saucer reports to 'Loch Ness Monster stories' · Page 107
Mr. Duvall
assistant superintendent, Naval Observatory; said saucer 'does not seem to be an astronomical phenomena' · Page 107
Col. G. R. Dogson
Oregon National Guard; announced guard squadron would attempt to photograph future apparitions · Page 107
Jonathan E. Caldwell
eccentric inventor (would be ~70 in 1949); built two saucer-resembling craft ('Gray Goose' helicopter and 'Roto-Plane') discovered abandoned in barn near Glen Burnie, MD; disappeared 1940 after Maryland authorities ordered him to cease selling stock; head of 'Gray Goose Airways, Inc.' · Page 96
Willard E. Driggers
1530 Olive Street NE, Washington; Civil Aeronautics Administration at National Airport; helped design and made the only test flight of Caldwell's helicopter ~1940 at old Benning Race track · Page 98
Capt. Claudius Belk
head of Baltimore office, Air Force Special Investigations; said craft were not prototypes of reported flying saucers · Page 98
Robert E. Clapp
former Maryland Assistant Attorney General; conducted 1940 hearings into Caldwell's affairs (Gray Goose Airways, Inc., and Rotor Planes Inc.) · Page 98
David Atamian
5160 Shoemaker Lane, Friendship Heights, MD; reported seeing three or four flying saucers traveling northward at midnight Friday, 1947 · Page 106
Henry J. Taylor
ABC radio commentator; Apr. 1950 broadcast claiming Air Force denials of flying saucers were 'worth a billion dollars to the Russians' and that Skyhook balloons were the actual phenomenon · Page 78
Louis Johnson
U.S. Defense Secretary, April 1950; satisfied 'there is nothing in the reports' · Page 81
Charles G. Ross
President Truman's Press Secretary, Key West; April 10, 1950 statement · Page 81
Adm. Forrest P. Sherman
Chief of Naval Operations, April 1950 (assured Defense Secretary on saucer denials) · Page 81
Rep. George H. Mahon
(D) Texas; chairman, House military appropriations subcommittee; April 5, 1950 said 'no such thing as a flying saucer' · Page 80
Rep. Albert Engel
Michigan; gubernatorial candidate; House subcommittee member who said he himself saw a flying disc at Elsie, MI, summer 1949 · Page 80
T. Nobel Robinson
managing editor, U.S. News & World Report; April 1950 said magazine had expected official denials of its 'revolutionary type of new aircraft' story · Page 81
Charles F. Zimmerman
designer of Navy's 'Flying Pancake' (Chance-Vought XF5U-1) referenced as alternative explanation for 1950 saucer reports · Page 82
Prof. Giuseppe Belluzzo
73-year-old Italian turbine engineer; March 25, 1950 claimed 'flying saucer' designs were prepared for Hitler and Mussolini in 1942 · Page 92
G. Tilghman Richards
senior research assistant and official lecturer, Science Museum, London (South Kensington); July 9, 1950 article in Sunday Dispatch arguing saucer photographs show disc-type aircraft · Page 75
Nils Christensen
Copenhagen man; in Rio de Janeiro Nov. 5, 1948 INS dispatch claimed to be the inventor of the flying discs · Page 104
Prof. F. S. Cotton
University of Sydney professor; demonstrated to students that prolonged sky-staring caused 22 of 22 to see 'saucers' as a hallucinatory effect of red blood corpuscles in retina (March 26, 1950 Sunday Graphic) · Page 90
Donald Keyhoe
former Information branch, U.S. Commerce Department; rocket authority; argued in TRUE magazine and book 'Flying Saucers Are Real' (Fawcett Publications) that saucers come from outer space · Page 94
Capt. Jack Adams
Chicago and Southern Airlines pilot, 9,000 hours; reported 'flying saucer with lighted portholes' over Arkansas (1950) · Page 91
G. W. Anderson
Chicago and Southern Airlines second pilot in Adams sighting · Page 84
[FNU] Whitted
Eastern Airlines pilot involved with Capt. Clarence S. Chiles in famous 1948 'cigar-shaped wingless object' nighttime sighting · Page 85
Capt. Clarence S. Chiles
Eastern Airlines transport pilot; with Whitted reported close-passing 100-ft cigar-shaped object near Mobile (1948) · Page 85
Henry M. Cumberford
Capital Aviation Co. pilot Jim Graham; claimed flying 'sausage' collided with plane and 'exploded like a bomb' near Williamsville, IL (1950) — Note: name in OCR is 'Jim Graham' · Page 71
Ray Wilson
Fargo, ND Weather Bureau employee; with Marian Eddy, Mike Endersby, Margaret Lawson observed five moon-like objects in formation south of Fargo for 34 minutes (July 1950) · Page 72
Lt. C. Moore
Naval flier; with G. D. Wehner caught flying saucer on radar near Osceola, Arkansas (1950) · Page 73
G. D. Wehner
Naval radar electronics technician/instructor; sighting near Osceola, Arkansas (Aug. 1950) · Page 73
Russell Long
construction engineer, North Hollywood, CA; found saucer-shaped contraption in geranium bed (July 10, 1947) · Page 111
Wallace E. Newcombe
Fire Battalion Chief, Van Nuys, CA; first official to inspect Long's 30-inch saucer in flower bed · Page 111
Richard Hood
FBI Special Agent in Charge, Los Angeles; sent FBI man to inspect North Hollywood saucer with military authorities (1947) · Page 111
Rev. Joseph Brasky
pastor, St. Joseph's Church, Grafton, WI (45 mi north of Milwaukee); July 6, 1947 found 18-inch sheet-metal disc resembling circular saw blade with hole and wires; held it for FBI · Page 117
H. K. Johnson
FBI Milwaukee SAC, said FBI not yet briefed on Brasky disc (July 1947) · Page 117
C. J. Zohn
440 Mellon St SE; rocket-sonde / high-altitude research, Naval Research Laboratory; with three companions reported flying saucer over New Mexico, June 29, 1947 · Page 112
Rear Adm. Paul F. Lee
Naval Research Laboratory; concurred with Army announcement on saucers (July 1947) · Page 112
Maj. Gen. Curtis E. LeMay
Deputy Chief of Air Staff for Research and Development; July 1947 'wholly unfortunate' that newspapermen had asked whether Air Force had 1,200-mph guided missile · Page 117
Brig. Gen. Carl Spaatz
Air Forces Chief; expected back in Washington from California, July 1947 · Page 119
Louis E. Starr
national commander, Veterans of Foreign Wars; July 1947 Columbus, Ohio said 'too little is being told the people' · Page 106
Col. Al Dutton
commanding officer, Oregon Air National Guard; announced squadron would try to photograph saucers (July 1947) · Page 107
Dr. Jesse Sprowls
professor of psychology, University of Maryland; called saucer reports 'tremendously interesting social psychological delusion' · Page 112
Dr. Ivan E. McDougle
Goucher College, Baltimore; called reports 'psychological epidemics where people see things that aren't there' · Page 112
Dr. L. R. Hafstad
Executive Secretary, Joint Research and Development Board; former director Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory; said 'Poppycock!' about saucers (July 1947) · Page 112
Dr. M. K. Leisy
junior interne, Pennsylvania Hospital for Mental Diseases; observed strange object with luminous halo over western Philadelphia (July 4, 1947) · Page 122
Mrs. Martin Kole
9202 Valley Drive, Alexandria, VA; saw large round object first standing still then darting across sky (July 4, 1947) · Page 121
Hazen Kennedy
2618 85th Street, North Side Pittsburgh; reported amber object over the Northside of Pittsburgh (July 1947) · Page 118
Mrs. Walter Johnson
Pinehurst, WA; reported saucers near St. Maries, Idaho (July 1947) · Page 116
Frank Eleazer
United Press correspondent; reported Washington-area meteor 'like a rocket with a fiery tail' (1958) · Page 48
Robert Loftus
DC-area witness who described object as 'big magnesium flare' (1958 Washington-area meteor sighting) · Page 48
John A. Goldsmith
DC-area witness who described object as 'plunging out of sky like plane shot down in war' · Page 48
George Lincoln
756 S. Greenbrier St, Arlington, VA; described object 'about as big as a washtub' · Page 48
Robert Schaeffer
Great Falls, MT hardware-store owner; obtained pictures of pictures of saucers (cited in Drew Pearson column) · Page 68
Nick Mariana
Great Falls baseball-park manager; 1950 photographed saucers at the local park · Page 68
Bruce Hadley
movie actor; reportedly published in Kansas City paper that corpses of blond beardless midgets had arrived on a flying saucer brought by 'Coulter' — story investigated by Air Force · Page 68
George Koehler
Denver advertising salesman for radio station KMYR; turned out to be the supposed 'Coulter' from the Hadley flying-saucer-with-bodies hoax · Page 68
Drew Pearson
syndicated columnist whose Washington-Post article relayed Air Force-file UFO investigation details (1951) · Page 68
President Harry S. Truman
Apr. 1950 Key West; declared he knew nothing of flying saucers being developed by U.S. or any other nation · Page 81
Walter Elliott
Anacortes, WA; photographed unusual saucer-like object in cloud formation (1952) · Page 51
Herbert Long
29-year-old Kutztown, PA insurance salesman; reported flying saucer 30 feet from his car off Allentown pike near Maxatawny (Aug. 1952) · Page 49
Leroy Gensler
artist who drew saucer sketch from Long's description · Page 50
Harry Feinauer
43-year-old Birdsboro, PA; said he saw plane release flying saucer over Berks County (Aug. 1952) · Page 49
Dr. Lloyd Motz
Columbia University astronomer; said spaceship could be kept in position 5,000 miles out from earth (Nov. 1949 Mirror) · Page 95
Dr. John G. Lynn
Valhalla, NY human-behavior expert; said people had 'atomic jitters' · Page 123
Lt. Col. Paul W. Welland
WWII Army Air Forces intelligence officer; accompanied Kenneth Arnold on July 1947 fishing-trip search for saucers · Page 119
Byron Savage
Oklahoma City private flier; said he saw similarly shaped object weeks before but feared ridicule · Page 121
Brig. Gen. George F. Schulgen
Army Air Forces Intelligence (referenced as 'Brown' in OCR; actual public-relations spokesman); July 1947 confirmed AAF investigating · Page 116
Capt. Tom Brown
AAF public relations; said 'there's something to this' but Air Force still mystified (1947) · Page 116
Maj. Hugh M. Cumberford
Pacific Northwest AAF spokesman; coordinating saucer search 1947 · Page 116
Conmie Dunbar
Pittsburgh man, age 35; July 7, 1947 testified saucers thrown at him by his wife Bessie Dunbar; granted divorce · Page 113
Lester P. Barlow
Stamford, CT inventor; said discs were jet-propelled missiles being manufactured by Martin Aircraft Co. for Navy · Page 113
Prof. A. M. Low
British physicist; theorized saucers might be artificial satellites (1947) · Page 113
Henry M. Mahaffey
watchmaker, Chattanooga, TN; said he invented flying saucer in 1943 but could not interest Government or aircraft concern · Page 113
E. J. Culligan
Northbrook, IL; offered $1,000 reward 'for capture of a flying disc' · Page 113
Bonnie Kennedy
Hagerstown, MD; reported five flying discs in formation with sound 'like the wake of a jet plane' (July 1947) · Page 118
Dr. Winfred Overholser
Superintendent, St. Elizabeths Hospital, Washington; July 1947 said reports had 'some earmarks of being national hysteria' · Page 118
Maj. Alexander P. de Seversky
WWII U.S. Army Air Forces consultant; July 1947 commented on optical limit of distance vision · Page 118
Leonard Posella
14, of 2261 Waverly Drive; spotted three or four objects near Griffith Park (July 1947) · Page 115
Grand Blanc, Michigan, USA
Page 2
Selfridge Air Force Base, Michigan, USA
Page 2
Alamogordo, New Mexico, USA
Page 5
Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, USA
Page 5
Kearney, Nebraska, USA
Page 6
Bakersfield, California, USA
Page 6
Augusta, Georgia (Savannah River AEC plant), USA
Page 9
Aiken, South Carolina, USA
Page 9
Long Beach Air Force Base, California, USA
Page 9
Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas, USA
Page 9
White Sands Proving Ground, New Mexico, USA
Page 11
Midland, Texas, USA
Page 9
Gulf of Mexico (200 mi south of Louisiana), USA
Page 10
Annapolis, Maryland (Primrose Acres), USA
Page 11
Amarillo, Texas, USA
Page 13
Levelland, Texas, USA
Page 14
Mobile, Alabama, USA
Page 16
Brookley Air Force Base, Mobile, Alabama, USA
Page 29
Quantico Marine Base, Virginia (Camp Barrett, Tank Park), USA
FBI Bureau / Director's office
FBI · Page 1
FBI Office of the Legal Attaché, American Embassy, London
FBI · Page 26
FBI Milwaukee Field Office
FBI · Page 117
FBI Los Angeles Field Office
FBI · Page 111
Air Force Office of Special Investigations (OSI), Baltimore
USAF · Page 98
Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC), Wright-Patterson AFB
USAF · Page 30
Project Saucer / Project Blue Book
USAF · Page 87
Air Defense Command, Colorado Springs
USAF · Page 11
Continental Air Defense Command (CONAD)
USAF · Page 7
Aerial Phenomena Research Organization (APRO) UFO Filter Center
civilian · Page 5
National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP)
civilian · Page 11
U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Sebago
USCG · Page 10
Hayden Planetarium, NYC
civilian · Page 46
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington
USN · Page 63
Office of Naval Research (Nuclear Physics Branch)
USN · Page 63
Air Weather Service (Andrews AFB)
USAF · Page 57
Capital Airlines (Capt. W. J. Hull)
F-84 Thunderjet
aircraft · Page 43
F-94 jet fighters
aircraft · Page 58
B-29 Superfortress
aircraft · Page 52
B-36 inter-continental bomber
aircraft · Page 49
DC-3 transport
aircraft · Page 85
DC-4 (Pan-Am)
aircraft · Page 60
Capital Airlines Vickers Viscount
aircraft · Page 16
P-51 fighter (Mantell)
aircraft · Page 63
F-51 (Project Saucer photographic flights)
aircraft · Page 107
Skyhook / 'Moby Dick' research balloons
ground · Page 42
Sebago (USCG cutter) shipboard radar
radar · Page 10
Andrews AFB radar
radar · Page 53
CAA Air Route Traffic Control radar, Washington National Airport
radar · Page 58
Selfridge AFB radar
radar · Page 9
Greater Pittsburgh Airport radar
radar · Page 118
Chance-Vought XF5U-1 'Flying Pancake' (Zimmerman Skimmer)
aircraft · Page 81
Caldwell 'Gray Goose' helicopter (saucer-rotor)
aircraft · Page 96
Caldwell 'Roto-Plane' (plywood tub, four-bladed rims)
Page 31
Haessleholm, Sweden
Page 35
Peenemunde (Baltic, former Nazi research station), Germany
Page 35
Saginaw / Bridgeport, Michigan, USA
Page 19
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base / Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, USA
Page 30
Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC), USA
Page 30
Tipp City, Ohio (near Wright Field), USA
Page 81
Elizabeth City, Illinois, USA
Page 81
Reading / Berks County, Pennsylvania, USA
Page 49
Washington National Airport, USA
Page 55
Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, USA
Page 53
Fort Belvoir, Virginia (Research and Development Laboratories), USA
Page 53
Salem, Massachusetts (Coast Guard Air Station), USA
Page 54
Tillamook, Oregon (Skyhook 'Moby Dick' release site), USA
Page 42
Vernalis, California (Skyhook release site), USA
Page 42
Edwards Air Force Base, California (Skyhook release), USA
Page 42
Moody Air Force Base, Valdosta, Georgia (Skyhook), USA
Page 42
Sedalia, Missouri (Skyhook), USA
Page 42
San Francisco airport, California, USA
Page 52
Northern Japan (U.S. Air Base, Hokkaido area)
Page 43
Helena, Montana, USA
Page 47
Bozeman, Montana, USA
Page 47
Butte, Montana, USA
Page 47
Boulder, Montana, USA
Page 47
Idlewild Airport (New York), USA
Page 28
Nantucket Lightship, USA
Page 28
Logan National Airport Tower, Boston, USA
Page 28
Bowling Green (Kentucky/Ohio per OCR), USA
Page 39
Shirley Bay, Ottawa (Canadian government UFO observation station), Canada
Page 40
Malton, Ontario, Canada
Page 26
Prague (Germany, WWII; per Klein), Czechoslovakia
Page 26
Zurich, Switzerland
Page 26
Williamsville (Springfield, Illinois area), USA
Page 71
Springfield, Illinois (Capital Airport), USA
Page 71
Fargo, North Dakota, USA
Page 72
Osceola, Arkansas, USA
Page 73
Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
Page 76
Cap d'Aosta, Italy
Page 89
Lake Garda, Italy (Salo)
Page 89
Carrara, Italy
Page 89
Calabria, Italy
Page 89
Sardinia, Italy
Page 89
Milan, Italy
Page 88
Venice / Chioggia, Italy
Page 93
Balearic Islands, Spain
Page 77
Madrid, Spain
Page 77
Preston, Lancashire (Pole Street), UK
Page 79
Chard, Somerset, England, UK
Page 65
Easton-In-Gordano, near Bristol, England, UK
Page 65
Llandow, near Cardiff, Wales, UK
Page 65
Bovingdon airport, Hertfordshire, England, UK
Page 65
Towyn, near Rhyl, North Wales, UK
Page 65
Amersham, Buckinghamshire, England, UK
Page 65
Launceston, Cornwall, England, UK
Page 65
Woolacombe, Devon, England, UK
Page 66
Exeter / Cullompton / Sidmouth Junction / Paignton, Devon, England, UK
Page 66
Torquay (outer harbor, Princess Pier, Thatcher Rock), Devon, England, UK
Page 67
Lake Bakal (Baikal), USSR
Page 114
Wilmington, California (Los Angeles harbor), USA
Page 114
Chicago (O'Hare Air Force Base), USA
Page 61
University of Chicago, USA
Page 102
Hanford Engineering Works (atomic plant), Pacific Northwest, USA
Page 107
Muroc (Edwards) Dry Lake, California, USA
Page 107
Twin Falls, Idaho (Twin Falls Park / Hauser Lake), USA
Page 109
Portland, Oregon, USA
Page 107
North Hollywood, California, USA
Page 111
Grafton, Wisconsin (St. Joseph's Church), USA
Page 117
Cascade Mountains, Washington (Kenneth Arnold sighting), USA
Page 121
Tacoma, Washington (Mr. Dahl), USA
Page 91
Glen Burnie, Maryland (Caldwell barn), USA
Page 96
Benning Race Track, Washington DC (Caldwell test 1940), USA
Page 98
St. Maries, Idaho, USA
Page 116
Pinehurst, Washington, USA
Page 116
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Northside), USA
Page 118
Hagerstown, Maryland, USA
Page 118
Friendship Heights / Bethesda / Alexandria, Virginia-Maryland (DC area), USA
Page 121
Memphis, Tennessee (Mid-South), USA
Page 84
Saigon (Pacific) / Korean War theater, Vietnam/Korea
Page 68
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Page 104
Rome / Italy
Page 92
Mountain View, Missouri, USA
Page 5
Dayton, Ohio (Civil Aeronautics Administration tower), USA
Page 87
Anacortes, Washington (Walter Elliott photograph), USA
Page 51
Williams Bay, Wisconsin (Yerkes Observatory), USA
Page 107
Pasadena, California (Caltech), USA
Page 107
Northbrook, Illinois, USA
Page 113
Stamford, Connecticut, USA
Page 113
Bridgeport, Connecticut (XF5U-1 Flying Pancake), USA
Page 81
Norfolk, Virginia (XF5U-1 storage), USA
Page 82
Langley Field / NACA, Virginia, USA
Page 82
Martinsburg, West Virginia (radar wind-tracking debris find), USA
Page 57
Lambeth, Bristol / Easton-in-Gordano (UK)
Page 65
Saigaw / Saginaw, Michigan, USA
Page 19
civilian · Page 16
United Air Lines (Capt. E. J. Smith)
civilian · Page 122
Pan-American World Airways (Nash/Fortenberry)
civilian · Page 60
Trans World Airlines (TWA, Kratovil)
civilian · Page 28
Capital Aviation Co. (Springfield, IL)
civilian · Page 71
Chicago and Southern Airlines
civilian · Page 91
Royal Auxiliary Air Force / Llandow
RAF · Page 65
Royal Swedish Air Force
RSwAF · Page 35
Canadian Department of Transport / Project Magnet
Canadian govt. · Page 40
Strategic Air Command
USAF · Page 42
Oregon Air National Guard
ANG · Page 107
St. Elizabeths Hospital
civilian · Page 118
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)
civilian · Page 17
Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)
civilian · Page 107
Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW)
civilian · Page 106
aircraft · Page 96
TWA Constellation
aircraft · Page 28
Anode-glow vacuum-jar simulation (Fort Belvoir, Scott)
ground · Page 53
Videon two-lens diffraction-grating cameras (USAF UFO program)
sensor · Page 23
R. O. Schmidt was driving through a field near Kearney, Nebraska, when he spotted a craft that at first looked like a crashed balloon. As he approached, his car engine stopped.
Schmidt, who bought and sold grain, told his story to a local newspaper. He said six people were aboard the craft, but only two came out and approached him. He climbed inside. When the craft rose and disappeared, he was able to start his car again. Investigators who examined the site were unconvinced: they found oil that resembled commercial motor oil.
Schmidt described a transparent, cigar-shaped craft about 100 feet long. Two men came out and waved what looked like a flashlight at him. He said he felt as if he couldn’t move.
The men wore business suits and checked him for weapons. Then they told him he had nothing to fear. Schmidt said four other people were inside the craft: two men and two women. That brought the total to six.
One of the people spoke English and interpreted between Schmidt and the others. Schmidt entered the craft and saw fans and instruments inside. The people kept working as he spoke with them.
They didn’t answer his questions. Instead, they told him he would understand everything in a few weeks. Then they asked him to leave. Schmidt saw the fans begin to turn without making a sound. The craft rose dozens of feet into the air and disappeared.
Only after the craft disappeared could Schmidt start his car. He drove into town and reported what he had seen. The next day, he returned to the field with investigators.
The investigators examined oil found at the site. They said it resembled commercial motor oil. According to a newspaper report, similar oil was also in a can in Schmidt’s car. The investigators said his story seemed less convincing.
It is not known whether the encounter took place or what Schmidt saw. Investigators questioned his story, but the similar oil alone does not explain what happened in the field.
One image remains: a craft rising and disappearing, and a car starting again.